History and application of clinical biochemistry

Biochemical research has been going on for about 400 years, yet the term biochemistry was first coined in 1903 by the German chemist Carl Neuberg, hence the title of father of biochemistry.

Many advances in biochemical studies were made in the twentieth century. These studies include Krebs studies. Hans Krebs discovered the mechanism, the Citric Acid Cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. The Krebs cycle is a set of reactions that take place during cellular respiration, where glucose and oxygen are converted to the molecule ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

At the time, DNA was also known as the genetic material of cells, and its structure was identified by James Watson and Francis Crick based on X-ray diffraction studies by Rosalind Franklin, who made advances in recombinant DNA. Gene engineering, radioisotope marking, and electron microscopy were the result of a combination of biological and chemical studies now called biochemistry.

Introduction to the field:

Clinical biochemistry is a field of medical science that, through numerous experiments, detects abnormalities in the amount of constituents in the body and examines the diseases associated with them. Clinical biochemistry is a growing science that is related to many sciences including biology, chemistry, medicine, and laboratory sciences. The difference between biochemistry and clinical biochemistry is that clinical biochemistry has a medical nature, while the field of biochemistry deals with the basic concepts of this science and does not consider medical aspects. In terms of the labor market, the situation in clinical biochemistry is much better.

Departments of Biochemistry

Biochemistry is a broad science, so it has been classified into several branches. Here are some branches of biochemistry:

1-Metabolic biochemistry: This section of biochemistry studies the metabolic reactions of the human body, such as the metabolism of sugars.

2-Clinical biochemistry: Clinical biochemistry involves the application of biochemistry in medicine and the diagnosis, study and treatment of disease.

3-Structural biochemistry: This branch of biochemistry studies the structure of macromolecules and other molecules inside the cell, such as proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids.

Purpose and mission of the field:

Students majoring in "clinical biochemistry" perform experiments that identify associated diseases as a result of diagnosing abnormalities in the amount of constituents in the body.

Areas of activity in the labor market:

A) Educational:

Design, compile and implement related educational programs for students in universities if the person is a member of the faculty of the university.

Teaching at different levels of education in high schools and universities

B) Research:

- Participation in university, inter-university and national projects if needed

C) Services:

- Medical diagnostic laboratories

- Food and medicine factories

- Providing advice to researchers, centers and related authorities

D) Production:

- Cooperation in the preparation and production of enzymes

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